Objective: To consider the ways in which the Apostle Peter is a role model for Christian ministry today.
1. The Lord's
Purpose for Peter (Matthew 16:13-20)
1.1 A Special Power?
1.2 A Special Position?
1.3 A Special Purpose
Acts 2 First Jewish believers
Acts 8:14 ff First Samaritan believers
Acts 10: First Gentile believers
2. The Lord's
Preparation of Peter
2.1 Three Lessons
2.2 Three Denials
2.3 Three Affirmations
3. The Lord
Preaching Through Peter
3.1 Power Promised
3.2 Power Provided
3.3 Power Preached
3.3.1 Peter Exploits the Miracle 3:11-12
3.3.2 Peter Explains the Miracle 3:13-23
3.3.2.1 By correcting the people 3:12-13
3.3.2.2 By convicting the people 3:14-15
3.3.2.3 By convincing the people 3:16
3.4 Power Provided 3:24-26
IBS
Seminar 4:
Acts 3: Peter the
Preacher
Objective: To consider the ways in which the Apostle Peter is a role model for Christian ministry today.
Lets start with his call to ministry.
1. The
Lord's Purpose for Peter (Matthew 16:13-20)
The
Lord chose Peter to fulfil a very important work. Evangelicals have often avoided
this passage because of the emphasis given to it by our Roman Catholic brethren.
What was Jesus saying to Peter?
1.1 A Special Position?
Was
Jesus giving Peter a special position of Papal primacy? No. As we shall soon
see, Peter was very fallible and ordinary. Jesus is the head of the Church.
Ephesians 2:20 tells us that the apostles and prophets collectively were the
foundation of the Church.
1.2 A Special Power?
We might get that impression from verse 19, where Jesus seems
to give Peter the power to "bind and loose" people's eternal destinies.
But no, two chapters later Jesus confers the same
power to all believers. (Matthew 18:18). Here the use has to do with discipline
within the church and giving new believers assurance of God's love and forgiveness.
If Jesus is not giving Peter a special position or
a special power what does Jesus mean?
1.3 A Special Purpose
Read
16:19. Jesus praises Peter for his faith, and then prophecies that Peter has
a very special role in God's plans. The ancient world was locked into a kind
of caste system like that still found in India today.
The class system of Marxist theory is nothing compared to the animosity that existed between Jews, Samaritans who were half Jews, and Gentiles.The Jews looked down on Gentiles, the Greeks looked down on the Barbarians, and the Romans looked down on everyone else...
Jesus had come to save mankind. He was about to send His
disciples out to take the good news to the world and to penetrate and break
through these man made cultural and ethnic barriers. How was Jesus going to
avoid the creation of a separate Hebrew Christian church, a Samaritan church
and a Gentile church? Peter was to be the key - literally. Jesus was pronouncing
Peter the key, the one who would unlock the door of the kingdom to these three
separate groups so that there would be one church and not three. Jesus promised
that after his ascension he would send the Holy Spirit upon the Church and Peter
would be the human agent.
Acts 2 First Jewish believers
Acts 8:14 ff First Samaritan believers
Acts 10: First Gentile believers
In each case the Christians do not receive the Holy
Spirit until Peter is present and lays his hands upon them. Some Christians
wrongly believe these passages teach that we receive the Baptism of the Holy
Spirit after we become Christians. This completely misses the point of why Luke
includes these first examples of Jews, Samaritans and Gentiles becoming Christians.
These were unique, unrepeatable events. Peter is the key to unlock them. After
these events it became the norm for Christians to receive the Holy Spirit at
the same time they become Christians. By the time Paul wrote his letter to the
Romans, he could write in chapter 8 that anyone who does not have the Holy Spirit
is not a Christian. The only theological commentary on this historical record
comes in Paul's first letter to the Corinthians 12:13. "For we were all
baptised by the Spirit into one body, whether Jews or Greeks, slaves or free,
we were all given the same Spirit to drink." There is going to be one Church
not three. Peter didn't understand this yet.
By Acts 15 and the Council of Jerusalem, Peter and
the other Jewish believers began to realise that it was not necessary for Gentile
Christians to become Jewish proselytes first or submit to circumcision. Why
? Because they had received the Holy Spirit as well, proof that God had received
them into His one Body. Jesus gave Peter the keys of the kingdom in the sense
that it was Peter who by Gods grace opened the door into God's kingdom for the
first Jews, the first Samaritans and the first Gentiles. After then, the door
has remained wide open for all, irrespective of their colour, race or background.
The tragedy then as now is that some Christians are more concerned for their
denomination or their ethnic grouping than the Kingdom of God which knows no
such subdivisions. By so doing they are unwilling to maintain the unity of the
Holy Spirit, or they try and create unity on some other basis. The Lord's Purpose
for Peter
2. The Lord's
Preparation of Peter
To
become an effective servant of the Lord, Peter had some very painful lessons
to learn. Lets look at some of them.
2.1 Peter's Three Lessons
Peter is the only person in the Bible to have been cut short
by all three persons of the Trinity. In Matthew 16 by Jesus when Peter thought
the cross was not a good idea. Jesus says "Get behind me Satan".
In Matthew 17 by God the Father at the transfiguration of Christ when Peter wanted to build a church for Moses and Elijah. "This is my beloved son listen to Him". Acts 10:44 Peter is interrupted this time by the Holy Spirit. He had gone very reluctantly to tell Cornelius about Jesus. It had taken two visions and several prods. Eventually he went. Verse 44 says that while he was still speaking the Holy Spirit came upon them. The Holy Spirit couldn't wait for Peter to finish. Three Lessons.
2.2 Peter's Three Denials
At
the Last Supper Peter had bragged about his allegiance to Christ but when his
own life was on the line Peter disowned Jesus three times. (Matthew 26:69 ff).
He was afraid of a servant girl's accusations.
2.3 Peter's Three Affirmations
After
the Resurrection Jesus specifically asked Peter three times "Do you love
me?" (John 21:15ff). Jesus made Peter face his failures. Jesus gave Peter
the opportunity to declare his commitment again. Jesus reaffirmed his confidence
in Peter and recommissioned him, "feed My flock". Slowly, painfully,
Jesus brought Peter to a realisation that he was restored and forgiven. The
Lord's Purpose for Peter. The Lord's Preparation of Peter.
3. The
Lord Preaching Through Peter
After
our Lord's crucifixion but before the Day of Pentecost Peter was a wreck, a
failure. He had most probably gone back to fishing.
3.1 Power Promised
Jesus
was going to leave the disciples and return to heaven, but he was not going
to leave them alone. He promised to send another comforter (John 14:15ff, 16:12ff)
He promised that the Holy Spirit would enable them to speak about what they
knew of Jesus. (Acts 1:8). After Pentecost Peter was a changed man. It was the
Holy Spirit who made the difference. Read Acts 2:1-6; 11-13; See the difference?
Power Promised.
3.2 Power Provided
In our
reading from Acts 3 we see how the apostle Peter brought instant healing to
this man disabled from birth. The man asked for money, they brought wholeness.
Read 3:6. This was evidence of Peter's apostolic authority. Repeatedly in Acts
2:43, Acts 4:33, Acts 5:12 Luke is careful to stress that these miraculous signs
were done by the apostles. They were signs of an apostle, signs of the apostolic
authority of the Apostles to proclaim the truth about Jesus Christ, until the
Scriptures were complete. Although the 11 Apostles knew it was necessary to
replace Judas, they didn't see the need to replace James after he was martyred.
The apostles were the foundation of the church of the 1st Century. When Paul
was challenged on the grounds of his apostolic authority at Corinth how does
he reply? 2 Corinthians 12:12 "The things that mark an apostle -signs and
wonders and miracles- were done among you with great perseverance" How
could Paul appeal in such a way if these miracles were the norm?
God does perform miracles today. The overwhelming majority of so called healings though are of a completely different order to those performed by the Apostles. There is a difference between functional disorders like backaches, or headaches, or infections, and organic diseases like Leukaemia, cancer, Muscular Dystrophy, AIDS, Parkinson's Disease. The NT healings were of organic diseases, the withered hand, the man born blind since birth, the crippled beggar, the raising of the dead.
Each of these was instant and complete. Today the Lord primarily heals through medicine and psychiatry, through drugs and pastoral counselling, slowly over time where often healing appears only partial and temporary.
3.3 Power Preached
The miracle on this occasion provided Peter with
his second preaching opportunity. That is the primary task of the church today.
By that I mean everybody in the church. Here is a
good definition.
"True preaching is the communication of the divine truth through human personality in the power of the Holy Spirit" Isn't that what we are here for? To be filled with the Holy Spirit in order that we can tell others about what God has done for us. Lets look at Peter's Sermon together and see what we can learn.
3.3.1 Peter Exploits the Miracle 3:11-12
Peter
preaches spontaneously. He seizes the opportunity, the divine appointment. We
must pray for them and like peter, seize them when they come. As on the day
of Pentecost he does not want them to misunderstand what had happened.
3.3.2 Peter Explains the Miracle 3:13-23
What was the central and dominant theme of Peter's sermon?
It was the love and grace of God revealed in His Son.
Peter mentions Jesus in verse 13, 14, 15, 18, 20 and
26.
Peter describes him as "God's servant Jesus, the Holy Righteous One, the Prince of Life, the Christ, Jesus Christ" When we find opportunities to talk to our friends or neighbours often we end up talking about the church or about religion in general. Its Jesus we need to tell them about because He is the only one who can save them.
3.3.2.1 By correcting the people 3:12-13
Correcting the people of their stubbornness. (read
verses) "Why does this surprise you? Why do you
stare?" The only reason you find this hard to
believe is because you have rejected Jesus. The very people God revealed himself
too couldn't believe it when God acted right in front of them. Campbell Morgan
says that "wonder in the presence of the supernatural demonstrates infidelity,
and infidelity creates false explanations." Haven't you found that? You
start to talk to a friend about Jesus, and they look for excuses to doubt the
miracles, to dismiss belief in a Creator God, to deny any accountability. Peter
corrected the people with the truth.
3.3.2.2 By convicting the people 3:14-15
Convicting the people of their sin. (read verses) "You
handed him over" "You disowned him" "You killed him"
That's very direct language, but people need to know that we and they are sinful
before God, that it was because of our sin that Christ died, in fact had we
been there most likely we would have shouted for his death too. As we talk to
people about what sin is and why Christ died, the Spirit will convict them of
their sin.
3.3.2.3 By convincing the people 3:16
Convincing the people of their Saviour. (read verse) It was
faith in the Name, the Nature of Jesus that resulted in this miracle. Though
the people had rejected Jesus, God had vindicated His Son. He
was still alive working miracles. Peter exploits the
miracle. Peter explains
the miracle, correcting, convicting, convincing the people about Jesus.
3.4 Power Provided 3:24-26
He took the people back to their scriptures, and showed them
that this was all part of God's promised plan. (read verses) Peter
is really positive after correcting them and challenging them he speaks of God's
blessing if they will indeed turn to Christ. That's part of the Good News, God
longs for people to share his abundant life in eternity. That's the amazing
promise we can share, that they too can become members of God's family. So be
encouraged when you feel immature or ill equipped to talk about your faith,
this was only Peter's second attempt at preaching. He was faithful and God blessed
him. The same Holy Spirit indwells you. It was a slow painful process that brought
Peter from being a fearful failure to a faithful fisher of man, a pillar in
the early church. Despite his prejudice, his impulsiveness and his presumption,
Jesus persevered patiently with Peter. A miracle? Yes. A unique miracle? no.
There is no one in the world like you. You are special because God has made you, breathed his life into you and through Jesus Christ saved you. He has a plan for your life. It will involve facing your failures. It will involve pain and suffering. But if the Lord could forgive Peter he can forgive you.
If the Lord could use Peter he will use you. He has a plan
for your life. He wants you to be a fisherman too.
He wants to use you to open the door of the kingdom of heaven to others. He
wants you to introduce others to the King. There can be no greater privilege.
He will equip you as he equipped Peter to do it. If the Holy Spirit needed to
fill Peter to do this, he needs to do the same in our lives. The question is
are you willing? Read Matthew 16:24-27
This
seminar draws on material from Warren Wersbie, Be Daring - The Acts of the Apostles,
John Stott, The Message of Acts; the Holman Bible Dictionary, the Nelson Bible
Dictionary, Unger's Bible Dictionary, the IVP Bible Dictionary and the International
Standard Bible Encyclopedia.
IBS 4: Seminar Questions
Acts 3: Peter the Preacher
Open
1. When was the last time you jumped for joy? What happened?
Dig
2. What was the purpose of signs and wonders in the New Testament?
3. In what way does the miracle in this passage fit this purpose?
4. Why does Peter emphasize that the man is healed 'in the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth"?
5. What are the main parts of Peter's sermon? How does it compare with his first sermon in Acts 2?
6. Make a list of the Old Testament characters Peter refers to in his sermon. Why did he mention them and how?
7. What is the significance of Peter's statement in 3:23?
Reflect
8. What are the cultural or ethnic barriers in my country which the Holy Spirit would have me overcome in the proclamation of the Gospel?
9. What lessons on evangelism can be drawn from this passage?
10. Reflect upon some of the 'Divine Appointments' God has given you recently and how you have responded.
11. How will this passage help you be more prepared for them in the future?
12. In what ways has God spoken to you through Peter's sermon?